{"id":1708,"date":"2019-11-17T22:06:35","date_gmt":"2019-11-17T15:06:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/webvocuc.com\/blog\/?p=1708"},"modified":"2021-08-18T15:54:34","modified_gmt":"2021-08-18T08:54:34","slug":"he-quan-tri-co-so-du-lieu-va-vai-tro-cua-chung","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/webvocuc.com\/blog\/he-quan-tri-co-so-du-lieu-va-vai-tro-cua-chung.html","title":{"rendered":"H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang"},"content":{"rendered":"

H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/a> v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n hi\u1ec7n nay.<\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n

\"h\u1ec7<\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfng Anh H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/strong> l\u00e0: Database Management System. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u1eb1m qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00f3 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1. Nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u00e0y s\u1ebd bao g\u1ed3m: th\u00eam, x\u00f3a, s\u1eeda, l\u01b0u gi\u1eef th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm trong m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

Hay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n th\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1o, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt, duy tr\u00ec c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. M\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb CSDL s\u1ebd bao g\u1ed3m hai ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: B\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00ed truy v\u1ea5n (b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00ed y\u00eau c\u1ea7u) v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n

\"h\u1ec7<\/p>\n

Trong th\u1eddi bu\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n nay nh\u1eefng quy tr\u00ecnh, c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n hay c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh b\u1edfi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. Nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 c\u01a1 s\u1edf qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong x\u1eed l\u00fd, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb.<\/p>\n

C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb CSDL s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

Cung c\u1ea5p cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1o l\u1eadp c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n.<\/h3>\n

H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb CSDL s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 cung c\u1ea5p cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3, khai b\u00e1o ki\u1ec3u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

Cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3:<\/h3>\n

M\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb CSDL s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 thao t\u00e1c c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Nh\u1eb1m di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3. Thao t\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u bao g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 : C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt (th\u00eam, x\u00f3a, s\u1eeda d\u1eef li\u1ec7u) v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c (t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm, truy xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u).<\/p>\n

Cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t.<\/h3>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n nh\u1eefng truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c bao g\u1ed3m: \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an ninh, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng truy c\u1eadp b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p, duy tr\u00ec t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng truy c\u1eadp, kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u khi x\u1ea3y ra c\u1ed1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng hay ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay:<\/h2>\n

\"h\u1ec7<\/p>\n

Mysql<\/a>:<\/h3>\n

MySQL lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong danh s\u00e1ch nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb CSDL \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn. V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u00ean gia l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh web r\u1ea5t \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n web v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 nhanh v\u00e0 t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cao, MySQL r\u1ea5t th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u truy c\u1eadp c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean internet.<\/p>\n

Oracle:<\/h3>\n

Oracle xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb t\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u00e3ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 h\u01a1n 50 n\u0103m. T\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m Oracle Database Server, Oracle c\u00f2n cung c\u1ea5p th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

SQlite:<\/h3>\n

SQLite l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn, ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t b\u00ean trong c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ecf kh\u00e1c. SQLite \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh C v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Android.<\/p>\n

MongoDB:<\/h3>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u d\u00f9ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf NoSQL \u0111\u1ec3 truy v\u1ea5n. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1edfi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef C++ trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf web<\/a>.<\/p>\n

PostgreSql:<\/h3>\n

PostgreSQL l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb CSDL c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t trong vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng gian. PostgreSQL k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi module Postgis cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00e1c l\u1edbp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng gian m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3.<\/p>\n

Redis:<\/h3>\n

\u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo phong c\u00e1ch NoSQL. Redis l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00e1c key-value v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ednh n\u0103ng h\u1eefu \u00edch v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i. H\u1ec7 QTCSDL n\u00e0y n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt b\u1edfi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi cho ph\u00e9p scripting b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef lua.<\/p>\n

Xem th\u00eam: Html l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u01afu v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a html<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n hi\u1ec7n nay. H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ti\u1ebfng Anh H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0: […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1825,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[168],"class_list":["post-1708","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-content","tag-he-quan-tri-co-so-du-lieu"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/webvocuc.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/he-quan-tri-co-so-du-lieu-va-vai-tro-cua-chung-4-1.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/webvocuc.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1708","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/webvocuc.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/webvocuc.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/webvocuc.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/webvocuc.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1708"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/webvocuc.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1708\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4016,"href":"https:\/\/webvocuc.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1708\/revisions\/4016"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/webvocuc.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1825"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/webvocuc.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1708"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/webvocuc.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1708"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/webvocuc.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1708"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}